“The Lord of the Sabbath”                                         Mark 2:23-28

St. John’sEast Moline                                            06/18/06

Intro.:   Through Moses God instructed the Israelites, “Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the Lord your God commanded you.  (Deut. 5:12)  But what does this mean, and how is the Sabbath properly observed and kept holy?  Is it enough if we follow the words of Moses to do no work, and so sleep-in on Sunday’s rather than receiving God’s holy blessings in worship, or lay around all day rather than giving ourselves to holy works in His name?   On the other hand, is it too much if we apply Moses’ words in such a way that worshiping on any day other than Saturday, or doing anything at all on the Sabbath becomes a sinful?   In today’s Gospel Jesus declares Himself “The Lord of the Sabbath” and makes it clear that He, and He alone, should be…   

I.  The One Who Interprets The Meaning Of The Sabbath.

A.  Like so many today, the Pharisees did not truly understand the Sabbath law as something intended to bring relief and rest to the people of God.  Instead, taking Moses’ words, “Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God.  On it you shall not do any work…” they turned it into an opportunity to oppress people with bondage to the Law and burden them with a load of false guilt.  They focused exclusively on the prohibition against working on the seventh day of the week and, with their oral traditions, expanded it to the point of being ridiculous and utterly impossible.

    To them the letter of the Sabbath Law was more important than the spirit of the law:  to love the Lord our God with all our heart, soul and mind, and to love our neighbor as ourselves.  The welfare of humanity took a back seat to obedience to man-made Sabbath rules; in essence for them “man was created for the Sabbath.”  This mindset was evident when they showed no concern that the disciples who accompanied the Lord were hungry, but accused them of doing what was unlawful because they plucked some grain as they walked through the field, rubbed it between their hands, and ate it.  Their twisted thinking was even more pronounced as they repeatedly accused Jesus of sinning against the Sabbath Law because He loved people enough to reach out to them when they were hurting, to heal them of their diseases and infirmities, and to release them from spiritual bondage even on the Sabbath.   

B.  Jesus reveals the true meaning of the Sabbath law when He says in our Gospel, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath..” (v27)  What Jesus meant is that the Sabbath was established to serve the needs of humanity; their need for rest in body and spirit and their need to receive God’s gifts.  This is how it has been since the creation of the world. 

    In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth; the last and greatest of His marvelous creation were Adam and Eve.  Afterwards God set aside a day (which happened to be the 7th day) to be holy.  It was a day when He and the people created in His image and loved by Him could devote time to one another.  The Sabbath was created for man, so that we might have the opportunity to rest not only from our physical labors, but most importantly to rest our spirits in the assurances of God’s grace.  It was never intended by God to be a burden, but a blessing. 

     By using the Sabbath as an opportunity to feed the hungry, heal the sick, relieve the burdened, and deliver the demon possessed, Jesus was not breaking the Sabbath; He was upholding it.  In our Gospel Jesus offers the example of David and his men who ate the special bread in God’s house, because in the process of serving the Lord they grown needy and hungry.  But let me give you a couple more examples:  In the verses following our Gospel it is recorded that:  “Again (Jesus) entered the synagogue, and a man was there with a withered hand.  And they watched Jesus, to see whether he would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse him.  And he said to the man with the withered hand, "Come here."  And he said to them, "Is it lawful on the Sabbath, to do good or to do harm, to save life or to kill?" But they were silent.”  On another occasion when Jesus was teaching in one of the synagogues on the Sabbath, He healed a woman who had been afflicted by a disabling spirit, and she responded by glorifying God.  The twisted synagogue ruler became indignant and said to the people, "There are six days in which work ought to be done. Come on those days and be healed, and not on the Sabbath day."   Jesus response was, "You hypocrites! Does not each of you on the Sabbath untie his ox or his donkey from the manger and lead it away to water it? Ought not this woman, a daughter of Abraham whom Satan bound for eighteen years be loosed from this bond on the Sabbath day?"  (Lk 13)

     Jesus, the Lord of the Sabbath, shows us clearly the meaning of the Sabbath:  It is the holy time set aside for the people whom God loves to find restoration and relief in His grace and mercy.  It is that time which is made holy because it is filled with the word and works of God. 

     Thanks be to God, that Jesus as Lord of the Sabbath is also…

II.  The One Who Fulfills The Sabbath.

    When Jesus calls himself by the messianic title “Son of Man” He is asserting that He is the divine Lord of heaven and earth; the one who has always been and will be forever.    

A.  As the “Son of Man” Jesus is the author of the ceremonial law, and its sole purpose was to point to Him.  He, therefore, has the right to put an end to it.  Galatians 3 tells us that, “the law, which came 430 years later, does not annul [the] covenant previously established by God [to Abraham], so as to do away with the promise.  So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith.  But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian..”  (Gal. 3:17, 24-25)   As Christ’s ambassador, the apostle is showing us that the law which came through Moses, including the Sabbath Law, was always to be understood in light of the covenant promise and should never take away from it.  The law was to lead us to Christ so that we might find our rest not in our own imperfect obedience, but in His perfect righteousness, His perfect sacrifice, and His perfect gift of salvation by grace.  Since the purpose of the ceremonial law has now been fulfilled, and Christ has come, Jesus has put an end to it.  As St. Paul writes in Colossians 2:  “Therefore let no one pass judgment on you regarding food and drink, or with regard to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath. These are a shadow of the things to come, but the reality is found in Christ.” (Col. 2:16-17)

B.  As “Son of Man” Jesus not only put an end to the ceremonial law with all of its rules and regulations, but He also fulfilled the whole law for us and took away its curse. 

   Jesus tells us in Matthew 5: Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.  (Matt. 5:17-18) 

     In these words Christ speaks first to all of you who have been taking the law lightly and feel that you are free to live as you please; putting your desires ahead of service to Christ, your personal opinions ahead of God’s Word, and your self ahead of others.  He is especially speaking today to all of you who say “Sunday pay is too good to pass up, I can’t go to church.  I have other more important things to do on Sunday.  Sunday is my day to what I want.” or “I don’t have to go to Church to be a Christian”.  Don’t be such a fool!  Listen to what Jesus says:  “I have not come to abolish the law!”    In other words, sin is still sin, and if you choose to ignore God’s law and continue to live in impenitence, then you do not really belong to Christ.  You are a hypocrite, your faith is dead, and you are condemned.

    Next Christ’s words speak to all of you who do take God’s law seriously and though you have the desire to show your love for God through obedience, know that you are a sinner in need of God’s grace.  To you Christ says:  “I have come to fulfill every dot and iota of the law for you.  Everything that was written in the Law and Prophets about your salvation I have accomplished.”  We have all felt the burden of God’s law and the weight of our sin.  We know the big ways in which we have failed to show our love for God, by not fearing.   We know that He hasn’t always come first, that we have not talked to Him or about Him as much as we should, and that we have neglected His Word and refused to live according to it.   We also know the little ways we have hurt Him by hurting others.  We know the bitterness and hostility and carnal lust that is churning away in us, the subtle ways we have of cheating, lying, and stealing, the backbiting and gossip, greed and selfishness that is always there.  And these are only the things we know about ourselves, there must be so many other sins about which we don’t even have a clue.  But Christ has become the fulfillment of the law whole law for us.  He has taken it away, not by abolishing it, but by fulfilling it and then taking it in His body to be nailed to the cross where He received the just sentence for our sin.

    There in His obedience He set us free from the law and its curse.  As St. Paul writes:  “Death has been swallowed up in victory.  Where, O Death, is your victory?  Where, O death, is your sting?  The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law.  But thanks be to God!   He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ!” (I Cor. 15:54-57)  

C.  As “Son of Man” Jesus has now changed our view of the Sabbath.  The Sabbath, along with all of God’s law, was made for us; to serve us.  The Sabbath is not about what we do for God on a particular day, but about celebrating what God does for us every day; especially what He does through His Son, Jesus Christ.  In the light of Christ, who is the fulfillment of the Sabbath, we can understand the meaning and the purpose of God’s words through Moses in our OT lesson.   In these words He encourages us to “Observe (that is guard and protect) the Sabbath day, to keep it holy (or set apart for contact or involvement with sacred things), as the Lord your God commanded you.”  (Deut. 5:12)   The reason for guarding the Sabbath, and setting it apart for holy things, is made clear if we simply read what follows, “Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm.  Therefore the Lord, your God, has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.” (Deut. 5:15)   Do you see the reason for the Sabbath now?   Do you see what Christ means when He says that the Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath?   Like God’s Old Testament people we hold onto the Sabbath, protect and observe it, so that we may have the opportunity to remember that we were once slaves held in bondage to sin, but now by His own mighty hand, and His outstretched arms we have been delivered.  Jesus as the Son of Man, and Lord of the Sabbath is the fulfillment of the Sabbath.  The Sabbath is all about Him, all about what He has done for us, all about what He offers us, all about a special time being set apart for God to come to the people He has set apart for Himself.   As the Lord of the Sabbath,  Jesus is…

III.  The One Who Blesses Through The Sabbath.

A.  The Sabbath was made for our blessing, as I said before it is the time set apart by God for us to rest in His grace.  Christ made the Sabbath for you, and invites you:  “Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.  (Matt. 11:28)   The rest He offers you is to rest from your own labor under the law, to rest from the heavy burden of guilt you feel because you know that you have not kept every dot and iota, and the hurt you feel because you have so miserably failed to love the one who loves you so much.  It is as the writer of Hebrews says: 

“So then, there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God, for whoever has entered God's rest has also rested from his works as God did from his.” (Heb. 4:9-10)    Today, Christ invites you to rest from your labor under the law, and believe that He has taken the burden of your sin upon Himself.  He offers you the light and easy yoke of forgiveness and life.

B.  As Lord of the Sabbath Jesus comes and blesses us with His gifts.   Just as He provided bread for David and His men, He now feeds all of us who hunger and thirst for righteousness.  He feeds us with spiritual food which nourishes us for eternal life, with every Word that proceeds from the mouth of God.  He feeds us with His own body and blood for forgiveness and refreshment.  Here in Word and Sacrament as we receive this Word, in Bible Study as we chew on it and meditate upon it, and at home as we digest it, apply it and live it the Lord of the Sabbath blesses us with life and salvation as we rest in Him. 

Concl.:  This is the day the Lord has made, let us rejoice and be glad in it!   Let us enter into the rest of the Sabbath Lord, Jesus Christ!  Amen.